My Crazy English

第二单元听写优秀者:

易美君  钟锦  梁洁莹  麦雅文  黎倩莹  吴培萱  陈健卓  杜嘉华  尹嘉进  伍秋华  梁天一  陈秋原  陈一帆  范家玮  刘嘉琪  黎明伟

袁颖  李紫琪  陈瑶  马娉婷  何馥伶

特别表扬：张秦川

简单句：由一个主语（或并列主语）和一个谓语（或并列谓语）构成的句子叫简单句。简单句包括陈述句、疑问句、祈使句和感叹句。

（1）陈述句：用来叙述一项事实（包括肯定句和否定句）的句子叫陈述句。例如：

He can speak English.

I'm not going to do that.

（2）疑问句：包括一般疑问句、特殊疑问句、选择疑问句和反意疑问句。

一般疑问句：以一个助动词、情态动词、连系动词be开始的句子，通常要求以yes或no来回答：

-Do you have a big piece of paper?

-Yes, I do. / No, I don't.

-Can you spell the word?

-Yes, I can. / No, I can't.

-Were you away last month?

-Yes, I was. / No, I wasn't.

特殊疑问句：以特殊疑问词（疑问代词或疑问副词）开头的问句。特殊疑问句有两种形式：

A：特殊疑问词（词组）+一般疑问句。例如：

When are we going to meet?

Which food do you like?

B：如果提问部分在句子中是主语或修饰主语时，其语序为：特殊疑问代词（词组）+谓语部分。例如：

Who's on duty today?

What's wrong?

Whose father went to the school?

选择疑问句：提出两种或两种以上的情况，要求对方选择一种进行回答的疑问句。选择疑问句的回答是对选择内容直接回答。选择疑问句的结构为：

A：一般疑问句+被选择的成分（最后一个被选择成分用来连接），例如：

-Are you a doctor or a teacher?

-A doctor. / A teacher.

-Do you like football or basketball?

-Football. / Basketball.

B：特殊疑问句+被选择的成分（最后一个被选择成分or用来连接），例如：

-Which do you like better, pork or beef?

-I like beef better.

-Who is their English teacher, Miss Li or Miss Gao?

-Miss Gao is.

反意疑问句：提问者有一定的主见，但没有把握，需要对方来证实，来表达这一意思时需用反意疑问句。

（3）祈使句：表示请求、命令等句子叫祈使句。它的主语是you（听话人），通常不说出来，祈使句肯定结构中的谓语动词用动词原形，否定结构则在肯定结构之前加上"Don't"。例如：

Let me try!                    Don't touch it!

Be careful!                   Don't be late for school!

（4）感叹句：是表示喜怒哀乐等强烈感情的句子。

动词不定式： 动词不定式具有名词，形容词和副词的特征，在句子中可以做主语、表语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语和状语。

（1）做主语。例如：

  To talk with him is a great pleasure.

  To learn a foreign language is very important.

注意：动词不定式做主语时，往往用引导词it来代替，叫形式主语，而作主语的动词不定式则放在谓语的后面，叫真正主语，构成的句型为："It's + adj. / n. + (for sb.) + to do sth ..."，如上面两句例句可以改为：

  It is a great pleasure to talk with him.

  It is very important to learn a foreign language.

（2）作表语。例如：

  Her wish is to become a teacher.

  Our plan is to finish the work before October.

（3）作宾语。

有些及物动词常用动词不定式作宾语，如：want, decide, hope, learn等，例如：

  I want to go with you.

  He decided to have a trip during the summer holiday.

有些形容词常用动词不定式作宾语，如：ready, sure, glad, afraid, sorry, pleased等，例如：

  We are ready to have a test.

  I am glad to see you.

（4）作宾语补足语。例如:

  I want you to do the homework more carefully.

  My father asked me to go fishing with him.

（5）作定语。动词不定式作定语时，常放在被修饰的名词或代词之后。例如：

  He is always the first one to go to school.

  I have a few words to say on the question.

  I have something to tell you.

（6）作状语。动词不定式作状语时，表示动作的目的，例如：

  I came here to see you.

  He went back home to get his English book.

句子成分(Members of the Sentence / Parts of a Sentence): 组成句子的各个部分叫做句子成分. 即: 主语, 谓语, 表语, 宾语, 宾语补足语, 定语和状语. 主语和谓语是句子的主体部分, 表语, 宾语, 宾语补足语都是谓语的组成部分.

(1) 主语: 表示句子所说的是"什么人"或"什么事物", 一般由名词, 代词或相当于名词的词或短语等充当. 例如:

  Lucy is an American girl.

  We study in No.1 Middle School.

(2) 谓语: 说明主语"做什么", "是什么"或者"怎么样". 谓语(谓语部分里主要的词)用动词. 谓语和主语在"人称"和"数"两方面必须一致. 例如:

  We love China.

  Mike hopes to be a doctor.

  His parents are farmers.

  She is singing.

(3) 表语: 说明主语"是什么"或"怎么样", 由名词, 形容词, 数词, 介词短语, 副词等充当, 和连系动词一起构成谓语.

  Her aunt is a driver.

  Are you ready?

  We were at home last night.

  Mary is 14.

(4) 宾语: 表示动作, 行为的对象, 由名词, 代词或相当于名词的词和短语等充当, 和及物动词一起说明主语做什么. 例如:

  Did you see him yesterday?

  He often helps me.

  We study English at school.

(5) 定语: 用来修饰名词或代词. 做定语的词除了形容词之外, 还有代词, 数词, 名词, 介词短语或相当于形容词的词或短语等. 例如:

  The black bike is mine.

  We have four lessons in the morning.

  What's your name, Please?

(6) 状语: 用来修饰动词, 形容词或副词. 一般表示行为发生的时间, 地点, 目的, 方式, 程度等意义, 通常由副词, 介词短语或相当于副词的词或短语等来表示. 例如:

  People are all working hard.

  It is very nice.

  We had a meeting this afternoon.

第一单元听写优秀者:

吴培萱(满分)  林碧(满分)  黎文宇  梁天一(满分)  尹嘉进  李卉彦  陈健卓  杜嘉华(满分)  易美君  梁玉怡  靳永萍(满分)  范家玮(满分)  刘嘉琪(满分)  陈秋原  黎倩莹  麦雅文  梁洁莹  钟锦  林茵茵  伍秋华(满分)

袁颖  杨骏坤  陈瑶(满分)   李诗韵 唐慧斯  马娉婷  黄隽卉  何馥伶  马莹 

本单元的日常用语是提出建议.

1. 提出建议的句型有:

What shall we do this weekend?

这个周末我们要做什么?

What about making something?

做点东西怎样?

How about reading a book?

看看书怎样?

Why not play basketball?

为何不打篮球?

Why don't you go next time?

为什么不在下次去?

Let's go to the park on Sunday.

我们星期天去公园吧.

I suggest playing basketball.  (此用法在高中教材中才出现)

我建议打篮球.

2. 表示同意别人提出的建议时, 常说:

All right.    好吧.

A good idea. / That's a good idea.     好主意.

THat's OK. / That's great.    太好了.